The Kenya Paediatric Fellowship Program (KPFP) is a Kenya Paediatric Association (KPA) initiative designed to address the critical shortage and unequal distribution of paediatric subspecialists and specialist paediatric nurses in Kenya. Despite significant investments in health infrastructure at county level, many facilities lack adequately trained specialists to deliver advanced newborn and child health services, particularly in underserved regions.

KPFP was established 2019 to strengthen Kenya’s capacity to train, deploy, and retain paediatric subspecialists locally through scholarships to paediatricians, nurses, and midwives to pursue advanced training in high-need paediatric subspecialties. In Phase I, the program focused on sponsoring paediatricians into fellowship programs, building in-country subspecialty training capacity, supporting specialist nurse training, standardizing curricula, and strategically deploying graduates to counties with the greatest need. The program also incorporated structured post-training mentorship and monitoring to enhance service impact and retention.

However, challenges such as county staff release for training and workforce retention highlighted the need for innovative, decentralised training approaches. Phase II builds on this progress by: expanding and strengthening subspecialty training programs; emphasizing multidisciplinary team training; enhancing mentorship and quality improvement initiatives; supporting faculty and curriculum development; strengthening deployment and retention strategies in targeted counties; advocating for increased investment in paediatric specialized care through specialized laboratory testing as well as equipment support to targeted facilities.

Through strategic selection, training, mentorship, redeployment, advocacy, and policy engagement, KPFP aims to improve access to high-quality paediatric subspecialty services, strengthen county-level health systems, and ultimately reduce perinatal, neonatal, child, and maternal mortality and morbidity in Kenya.

A key innovation linked to KPFP’s sustainability is the operationalization of the East, Central and Southern Africa College of Paediatrics and Child Health (ECSAPACH), which supports standardized, accredited training across multiple high-activity hospital sites while maintaining centralized quality assurance across the ECSA region. To date, six countries in the region, through their respective paediatrics associations/societies have affiliated with the college. Enrollment of the first cohort of trainees pursuing fellowship in general paediatrics was realized in October 2025 in two countries, Kenya and Zimbabwe across eight accredited training hospitals.